Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis I01:26

Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis I

A nursing diagnosis is written when the nurse recognizes a cluster of essential patient data indicating health problems treated with independent nursing interventions. The standardized terminologies of a nursing diagnosis help nurses identify and treat patients' problems. Every electronic health record that uses nursing diagnosis must employ standard diagnostic terminology. Developing an efficient, individualized care plan begins with accurate nursing diagnoses.
There are thirteen domains for...
Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test01:00

Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test

When one or more data points appear far from the rest of the data, there is a need to determine whether they are outliers and whether they should be eliminated from the data set to ensure an accurate representation of the measured value. In many cases, outliers arise from gross errors (or human errors) and do not accurately reflect the underlying phenomenon. In some cases, however, these apparent outliers reflect true phenomenological differences. In these cases, we can use statistical methods...
Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...
Qualitative Analysis03:46

Qualitative Analysis

For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
Qualitative Analysis01:10

Qualitative Analysis

Qualitative analysis is the process of identifying elements, ions, or compounds in an unknown sample. It is the first and most fundamental type of analysis based on the hierarchy of analytical goals. This hierarchy is significant as it provides a structured approach to scientific research, with qualitative analysis serving as the initial step, providing essential information before moving on to quantitative or other forms of analysis.
There are two main approaches to qualitative analysis:...
Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis II01:25

Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis II

Nursing diagnoses represent a problem validated by major defining characteristics. There are four categories of nursing diagnoses: problem-focused, risk, health promotion or wellness, and syndrome. The anatomy of a nursing diagnosis includes three components: problem statement or diagnostic label, defining characteristics, and related factors.
Risk nursing diagnoses represent clinical judgments of an individual, family, or community more vulnerable to developing the health problem than others...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Regulatory monitoring of feeding during the birth hospitalization.

Pediatrics·2011
Same author

Exploratory study: barriers for initiation and/or discontinuation of breastfeeding in mothers of children with Down syndrome.

Puerto Rico health sciences journal·2009
Same author

Full breastfeeding during the postpartum hospitalization and mothers' report regarding baby friendly practices.

Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine·2007
Same author

Effectiveness in the implantation of law 155 of 2002 ordering the designation of spaces for breastfeeding in government agencies.

Puerto Rico health sciences journal·2006

Related Experiment Videos

Formula labeling violations to the WHO Code: a quantitative and qualitative analysis.

Ana M Parrilla-Rodríguez1, José J Gorrín-Peralta

  • 1Maternal and Child Health Program, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. a.parrilla@rcm.upr.edu

Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal
|May 3, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Infant formula labels in Puerto Rico violate the WHO Code on Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes. All evaluated labels failed to comply with labeling requirements, impacting infant health and breastfeeding practices.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Nutrition Science
  • Consumer Protection

Background:

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) Code on Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes aims to protect infant health by regulating the promotion of breastmilk substitutes.
  • Accurate and clear product labeling is crucial as it often serves as the sole source of information for consumers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess compliance with Article 9 of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes concerning infant formula labeling in Puerto Rico.

Main Methods:

  • A quantitative and qualitative analysis of 34 infant formula labels was conducted using the IBFAN Monitoring Project (IMPIII) and Standard IBFAN Monitoring (SIM) instruments.
  • The evaluation utilized 14 criteria to identify violations of the International Code of Breast-Milk Substitutes on labeling.
  • The sample represented 77.3% of infant formula labels from four major companies marketing in Puerto Rico.

Main Results:

  • 100% of evaluated infant formula labels violated the WHO Code in at least one provision.
  • Key violations included the absence of "breastfeeding is best" statements (73.5%) and "use only on health worker advice" statements (73.5%).
  • No labels were in Spanish, the local language, and 97.1% contained text or imagery idealizing infant formula use or discouraging breastfeeding.

Conclusions:

  • Legislation is urgently needed in Puerto Rico to implement the WHO Code.
  • Enacting this legislation will help regulate marketing practices and mitigate negative impacts on infant health and breastfeeding.
  • Addressing labeling violations is essential for safeguarding public health and promoting optimal infant nutrition.