Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...

Amebiasis

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...

Genital Herpes

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Impact of High-emergency Lung Transplantation Procedure on 1-y Survival in France.

Transplantation·2026

Same author

The impact of progressive expansion of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor availability on lung transplant for cystic fibrosis in France.

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society·2026

Same author

Uraemic burden index: a novel predictor of pre-emptive kidney transplant outcome.

Clinical kidney journal·2025

Same author

Decision-making Tool for Early Liver Retransplantation: The Early Liver Retransplantation Score.

Transplantation·2025

Same author

Hospital-Related Determinants of Refusal of Organ Donation in France: A Multilevel Study.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2025

Same author

Donation after circulatory death heart transplantation: The French perspective.

Archives of cardiovascular diseases·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision

Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision

Published on: June 3, 2022

[Male circumcision: hope for HIV infection decrease in southern Africa].

Camille Legeai¹, Bertran Auvert

¹Unité d'épidémiologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, 9, avenue du Général De Gaulle, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.

Medecine Sciences : M/S

|May 10, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Male circumcision significantly reduces female-to-male HIV transmission by 57%. Generalizing this safe, cost-effective intervention in southern Africa could prevent millions of new HIV infections.

More Related Videos

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Published on: October 12, 2018

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Published on: July 6, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision

Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision

Published on: June 3, 2022

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Published on: October 12, 2018

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Published on: July 6, 2014

Area of Science:

Public Health
Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Medical Intervention

Context:

The HIV/AIDS pandemic necessitates novel prevention strategies.
Existing methods like condoms and abstinence are underutilized.
Southern Africa faces high HIV prevalence with low male circumcision rates.

Purpose:

To evaluate the efficacy and potential impact of male circumcision as an HIV prevention method.
To assess the acceptability and cost-effectiveness of male circumcision in high-prevalence regions.
To review the current status of male circumcision integration into national HIV prevention programs.

Summary:

Male circumcision reduces female-to-male HIV transmission by 57% (95% CI: 42-68%).
Widespread adoption in southern Africa could avert 1-4 million HIV infections in ten years.
It is a cost-effective strategy, though partial protection and contestations exist.

Impact:

Male circumcision is a crucial additional strategy for preventing heterosexually acquired HIV infection in men.
Increased funding and ongoing research aim to facilitate its generalization in southern Africa.
This intervention offers significant hope for curbing the HIV epidemic in the region.