Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency in Greece: Focus on rare variants.

Pulmonology·2023
Same author

Small airways' function in Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome.

Pulmonology·2020
Same author

Dosimetric performance of the Elekta Unity MR-linac system: 2D and 3D dosimetry in anthropomorphic inhomogeneous geometry.

Physics in medicine and biology·2019
Same author

Impaired mRNA Expression of the Migration Related Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 in Mesenchymal Stem Cells of COPD Patients.

International journal of inflammation·2017
Same author

Lung cancer and tobacco smoking in Crete, Greece: reflections from a population-based cancer registry from 1992 to 2013.

Tobacco induced diseases·2017
Same author

The role of compliance with PAP use on blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: is longer use a key-factor?

Journal of human hypertension·2016
Same journal

Beyond the 5th percentile: rethinking diagnostic thresholds in pulmonary function testing.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same journal

A Transcriptomic Atlas of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same journal

Risk of cancer and mortality in patients with interstitial lung diseases: Danish cohort study.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same journal

Proposing a minimal important difference in NTproBNP in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same journal

Unlocking growth potential: Ivacaftor therapy and developmental gains in lung and height in a cohort study of children and young adults with cystic fibrosis.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same journal

Decoding the Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) Niche Microenvironment <i>via</i> Integrative Analysis of Single Cell Multiomics and Spatial Transcriptomics.

The European respiratory journal·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System
08:48

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System

Published on: December 21, 2016

Microsatellite DNA instability and COPD exacerbations.

D Makris1, N Tzanakis, A Damianaki

  • 1Department of Thoracic Medicine, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion Crete, Greece.

The European Respiratory Journal
|May 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microsatellite DNA instability (MSI) in sputum is common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. MSI is linked to more frequent and severe COPD exacerbations, suggesting a role in disease progression.

More Related Videos

Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: Probing the Potential Common Pathogenic Mechanisms and Experimental Verification
10:21

Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: Probing the Potential Common Pathogenic Mechanisms and Experimental Verification

Published on: September 20, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System
08:48

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System

Published on: December 21, 2016

Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: Probing the Potential Common Pathogenic Mechanisms and Experimental Verification
10:21

Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: Probing the Potential Common Pathogenic Mechanisms and Experimental Verification

Published on: September 20, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by exacerbations.
  • Microsatellite DNA instability (MSI), a marker of DNA repair deficiency, has been observed in COPD patients' sputum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between MSI in sputum cells and the frequency of exacerbations in COPD patients.
  • To explore the potential role of MSI in the clinical course and pathogenesis of COPD.

Main Methods:

  • Induced sputum and peripheral blood samples were collected from 36 stable COPD patients and 30 healthy controls.
  • DNA was analyzed for MSI using ten specific microsatellite markers.
  • Exacerbation data were collected for three years post-MSI analysis.

Main Results:

  • No MSI was detected in healthy controls.
  • Fifty percent (18/36) of COPD patients exhibited MSI in their sputum cells.
  • Patients with MSI had significantly more frequent, purulent, and severe exacerbations compared to those without MSI.

Conclusions:

  • MSI in sputum is significantly associated with increased exacerbation frequency and severity in COPD.
  • The findings suggest that somatic mutations, indicated by MSI, may contribute to COPD pathogenesis and its clinical progression.