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Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
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Updated: Jul 4, 2026

$Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain$

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain

Published on: May 10, 2017

Trigeminal neuralgia.

Rudolph M Krafft¹

¹Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, Ohio, USA. rudolph_krafft@hmis.org

American Family Physician

|June 11, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Trigeminal neuralgia causes severe facial pain triggered by simple stimuli. Initial treatment involves carbamazepine, with other medications and neurosurgery for refractory cases.

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$Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain$

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Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances

Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances

Published on: July 5, 2011

Area of Science:

Neurology
Pain Medicine

Background:

Trigeminal neuralgia is an uncommon neurological disorder.
Characterized by recurrent, severe lancinating pain in the trigeminal nerve distribution.
Pain is typically unilateral and triggered by everyday activities.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of trigeminal neuralgia.
To highlight the importance of accurate and prompt diagnosis.
To review current therapeutic options.

Main Methods:

Clinical diagnosis based on patient history and neurological examination.
Exclusion of other pathologies through imaging studies or specialized testing.
Review of pharmacological and neurosurgical treatment modalities.

Main Results:

Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by investigations to rule out secondary causes.
Carbamazepine is the first-line pharmacological treatment.
Refractory cases may benefit from alternative medications like baclofen or gabapentin, or neurosurgical interventions.

Conclusions:

Trigeminal neuralgia requires timely diagnosis due to its severity.
A stepwise approach to treatment, starting with carbamazepine, is recommended.
Neurosurgical options are available for patients unresponsive to or intolerant of medical therapy.