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Related Concept Videos

Probiotics01:22

Probiotics

Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the balance of this microbiota is crucial for digestive and systemic health. Among the most extensively studied and utilized probiotics are species formerly classified within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These organisms not only naturally colonize the human gut but are also consumed through...
Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics01:21

Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics

Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents01:18

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents

Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...

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Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods
08:38

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods

Published on: September 10, 2016

Recommendations for probiotic use--2008.

Martin H Floch1, W Allan Walker, Stefano Guandalini

  • 1Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8019, USA. martin.floch@yale.edu

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
|June 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Clinical guidelines for probiotic use were updated in 2007. Top-tier "A" recommendations cover childhood diarrhea, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, pouchitis, and eczema linked to cow

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Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage
10:36

Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage

Published on: January 27, 2019

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods
08:38

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods

Published on: September 10, 2016

Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage
10:36

Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage

Published on: January 27, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Clinical recommendations for probiotic use were initially established following a 2005 Yale University Workshop.
  • A subsequent workshop in 2007 updated and expanded these recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present updated and graded recommendations for the clinical application of probiotics.
  • To categorize probiotic efficacy based on expert opinion and workshop review.

Main Methods:

  • Expert opinion and review by workshop participants were used to grade recommendations.
  • Recommendations were categorized as "A," "B," "C," or uncategorized.

Main Results:

  • "A" recommendations were assigned for acute childhood diarrhea, prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, pouchitis management, and atopic eczema associated with cow's milk allergy.
  • "B" recommendations were maintained for inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome, with limitations due to study quality or quantity.
  • "C" recommendations were given for significant findings that did not meet higher criteria due to study size or other limiting factors.

Conclusions:

  • Probiotic recommendations are graded based on evidence, with specific conditions achieving the highest "A" rating.
  • Further research is needed to strengthen recommendations in areas currently rated "B" or "C."
  • The grading system provides a framework for clinical decision-making regarding probiotic use.