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The development of implicit intergroup cognition.

Yarrow Dunham1, Andrew S Baron, Mahzarin R Banaji

  • 1University of California, Merced, PO Box 2039, Merced, CA 95340, USA. ydunham@ucmerced.edu

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|June 17, 2008
PubMed
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Implicit intergroup preferences emerge rapidly in early childhood, differing from explicit attitudes. These findings challenge slow-learning models of social cognition development.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental psychology
  • Social cognition
  • Child development

Background:

  • Traditional views suggest implicit social cognition develops slowly through social learning.
  • Previous research has not fully clarified the developmental trajectory of implicit intergroup attitudes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental emergence of implicit intergroup preferences in early childhood.
  • To contrast the developmental course of implicit and explicit intergroup attitudes.
  • To challenge 'slow-learning' models of implicit social cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized developmental research methods to assess implicit social cognition.
  • Examined the emergence and stability of implicit preferences for ingroups and dominant groups.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared developmental patterns of implicit and explicit intergroup attitudes.

    • Main Results:

    • Implicit intergroup preferences, particularly for ingroups and dominant groups, emerge rapidly in early childhood.
    • These implicit preferences demonstrate stability throughout development.
    • The developmental trajectory of implicit intergroup preferences is distinct from that of explicit intergroup preferences.

    Conclusions:

    • Implicit intergroup attitudes are present at adultlike levels early in development.
    • Findings contradict models positing protracted social learning for implicit social cognition.
    • Early-emerging and stable implicit intergroup preferences suggest innate or rapidly acquired biases.