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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale

Published on: July 8, 2025

Zonisamide concentrations during pregnancy.

Karen S Oles¹, William L Bell

¹Department of Neurology, Pharmacy Education, Northwest Area Health Education Center, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. koles@wfubmc.edu

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy

|June 26, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Zonisamide serum concentrations varied during pregnancy, decreasing significantly at 27 weeks before increasing after a dose adjustment. This suggests increased zonisamide clearance in late pregnancy.

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Published on: October 19, 2021

Area of Science:

Pharmacokinetics
Pregnancy
Epilepsy Management

Background:

Zonisamide is an antiepileptic drug used for seizure control.
Limited data exist on zonisamide pharmacokinetics during pregnancy.

Observation:

A 30-year-old pregnant woman with epilepsy continued zonisamide monotherapy.
Serum zonisamide levels ranged from 7.5 to 17 microg/mL, with a notable drop to 4.4 microg/mL at 27 weeks.
The dose was increased, resulting in a post-delivery concentration of 20.8 microg/mL.

Findings:

Zonisamide clearance appears to increase in late pregnancy, indicated by the drop in serum concentration.
Dose adjustment may be necessary to maintain therapeutic levels during pregnancy.

Implications:

This case highlights the need for therapeutic drug monitoring of zonisamide in pregnant women.
Further research is warranted to understand zonisamide pharmacokinetics and optimize its use in pregnancy.