Zinc deficiency. A public health problem?

Area of Science:

• Nutrition Science
• Human Health

Background:

• Dietary zinc deficiency is linked to diets low in bioavailable zinc sources (e.g., red meat) and high in phytate-rich cereals.
• First described in the Middle East, it now affects diverse populations globally, including children, adolescents, and pregnant women.
• Mild zinc deficiency is likely common in certain populations due to dietary patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the global prevalence and manifestations of dietary zinc deficiency.
• To highlight the health consequences associated with inadequate zinc intake.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing data on dietary zinc deficiency.
• Analysis of reported cases and affected demographics worldwide.

Main Results:

• Zinc deficiency is prevalent in diverse geographical regions, affecting various age groups and pregnant women.
• Key manifestations include growth retardation, impaired development, and increased pregnancy complications.
• Other significant impacts involve suppressed immunity, poor wound healing, dermatitis, and neuropsychological deficits.

Conclusions:

• Dietary zinc deficiency is a widespread nutritional issue with significant public health implications.
• The identified manifestations underscore the critical role of adequate zinc intake for overall health and development.
• Further research may be needed to quantify the exact numbers affected by this deficiency.