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Translational control during early development.

J D Richter

    Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
    |April 1, 1991
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Maternal messenger RNAs (mRNAs) control early animal development. This study identifies specific RNA sequences and proteins that regulate mRNA translation during oocyte maturation and early embryogenesis.

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Biology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Maternally inherited messenger RNAs (mRNAs) direct early animal development.
    • mRNA translation is tightly regulated, with some mRNAs repressed and others activated during specific developmental stages.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To define the cis and trans elements controlling maternal mRNA translational repression and induction.
    • To describe specific proteins interacting with regulatory elements.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of cis-acting sequences in 3' and 5' untranslated regions of maternal mRNAs.
    • Investigation of polyadenylation regulation by cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements (CPEs) in Xenopus laevis oocytes.
    • Identification and characterization of proteins binding to CPEs.

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    Main Results:

    • Identified discrete sequences in untranslated regions that control mRNA translational inhibition.
    • Demonstrated that polyadenylation, regulated by CPEs, controls mRNA translation.
    • Showed that variations in CPE sequences allow binding of different proteins.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific RNA sequences and protein interactions are crucial for regulating maternal mRNA translation during early development.
    • The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE) and its binding proteins play a key role in translational control.
    • Differential binding of proteins to CPEs contributes to the precise regulation of maternal mRNA activity.