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Universal newborn hearing screening: systematic review to update the 2001 US Preventive Services Task Force
Heidi D Nelson1, Christina Bougatsos, Peggy Nygren
1Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Evidence-based Practice Center, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, USA. nelsonh@ohsu.edu
Pediatrics
|July 4, 2008
Summary
Universal newborn hearing screening improves language outcomes in children with hearing loss. Early detection through screening leads to faster diagnosis and treatment, benefiting infants identified with hearing impairment.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
- Audiology
Background:
- Permanent congenital hearing loss affects 1-3 per 1000 newborns.
- Early identification and intervention are crucial for optimal language development.
- Current screening practices and their effectiveness require periodic review.
Purpose of the Study:
- To update the US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations on universal newborn hearing screening.
- To evaluate the impact of early treatment initiation on language outcomes.
- To compare universal screening with targeted screening for timely intervention.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of Medline and Cochrane databases since 2002.
- Abstraction and quality rating of relevant studies.
- Focus on key questions regarding screening effectiveness and adverse effects.
Main Results:
- Universal screening is associated with better receptive language outcomes at age 8 compared to no screening.
- Infants identified via universal screening receive earlier referral, diagnosis, and treatment.
- Parental distress from initial screening is usually transient; cochlear implants carry a risk of meningitis.
Conclusions:
- Universal newborn hearing screening positively impacts language development in children with hearing loss.
- Screening facilitates significantly earlier intervention compared to other identification methods.
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