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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
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Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...
Hepatic Portal System01:21

Hepatic Portal System

The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
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A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

Hepatitis E in Nepal.

S M Shrestha1

  • 1Liver Foundation Nepal. liver@mail.com.np

Kathmandu University Medical Journal (KUMJ)
|July 8, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis E virus causes acute jaundice, particularly affecting young adults and pregnant women. This waterborne illness frequently causes outbreaks in Nepal

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis E is an acute, waterborne viral infection causing jaundice, with significant risks for young adults and pregnant women.
  • The Kathmandu Valley in Nepal is hyper-endemic for Hepatitis E, experiencing frequent epidemics and outbreaks over the past 30 years.
  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) accounts for approximately 50% of sporadic acute hepatitis cases in the Kathmandu Valley.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the epidemiology of Hepatitis E in Nepal.
  • To outline the clinical features of Hepatitis E.
  • To discuss the management strategies for Hepatitis E.

Main Methods:

  • Epidemiological data review for Hepatitis E in Nepal.
  • Clinical case analysis of Hepatitis E patients.
  • Literature review on Hepatitis E management.

Main Results:

  • Hepatitis E is a significant public health concern in Nepal, characterized by sporadic cases and epidemic outbreaks.
  • The disease predominantly affects young adults and poses a high mortality risk to pregnant women due to acute hepatic failure.
  • HEV is a leading cause of acute hepatitis in the Kathmandu Valley.

Conclusions:

  • Hepatitis E represents a major infectious disease challenge in Nepal, requiring targeted public health interventions.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and clinical presentation is crucial for effective management and control of Hepatitis E outbreaks.
  • Further research into prevention and treatment strategies is warranted to mitigate the impact of Hepatitis E in endemic regions.