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Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
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Slowing presentation speed increases illusions of knowledge.

Lisa K Fazio1, Elizabeth J Marsh

  • 1Department of Psychology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0086, USA. lkf@duke.edu

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Slowing story presentation speed unexpectedly increased factual errors. Explicit instructions to monitor for errors, however, reduced suggestibility, highlighting differences in memory illusions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Memory Studies

Background:

  • Prior research indicates slowed presentation reduces suggestibility in false memory tasks.
  • It is unknown if slowing presentation aids in detecting factual errors within fictional narratives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if slowing presentation speed reduces factual errors learned from fictional stories.
  • To determine if readers utilize extra time to detect and avoid reproducing story errors.

Main Methods:

  • Participants read fictional stories at a slowed pace.
  • A separate group was instructed to actively monitor for errors.
  • Performance was assessed via a later general knowledge test.

Main Results:

  • Slowing presentation speed unexpectedly increased the reproduction of story errors.
  • Explicit instructions to monitor for errors significantly decreased suggestibility.
  • Readers tended to passively accept information without active monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Slowing presentation does not reduce suggestibility for illusions of knowledge derived from fiction.
  • Active monitoring prompts are necessary to mitigate errors from fictional sources.
  • Findings differentiate episodic false memories from illusions of knowledge.