Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
Theory of Attribution II: Kelley's Covariation Theory01:29

Theory of Attribution II: Kelley's Covariation Theory

Attribution theory plays a crucial role in social psychology, helping to explain how individuals interpret the causes of behavior. One prominent model within this field is Harold Kelley's covariation theory, which provides a systematic approach to determining whether internal traits or external circumstances drive a person's actions. The model posits that individuals rely on three key types of information—consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness—to make these judgments.Consensus: Comparing...
Optimal Arousal Theory01:23

Optimal Arousal Theory

The optimal arousal theory suggests that performance is maximized when an individual experiences a moderate level of arousal. This theory is closely tied to the Yerkes-Dodson law, which illustrates an inverted U-shaped relationship between arousal and performance. The law, formulated by psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson, implies an ideal arousal level for optimal performance, and deviations from this level can lead to declines in effectiveness.
Inverted U-Shaped Performance Curve
The...
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
Sources of Self-Esteem II: Performance Feedback01:24

Sources of Self-Esteem II: Performance Feedback

Self-esteem is intricately tied to our perception of competence and our ability to exert control over our lives. One of the primary sources of this perception is performance feedback — the ongoing evaluation of our actions in terms of success and failure. According to Franks and Marolla (1976), people derive self-worth from experiencing themselves as causal agents, capable of achieving goals and overcoming obstacles. This process nurtures a critical component of self-esteem: self-efficacy,...
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies02:09

Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies

When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The burnout paradox.

World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)·2026
Same author

Mission command: How daily empowering leadership enables proactive behavior.

Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association·2026
Same author

Burnout in Cardiovascular Care: Prevention Through Job Demands-Resources Theory.

Cardiology clinics·2026
Same author

Self-nudging toward physical activity: Scale development, validation, and workplace implications.

Applied psychology. Health and well-being·2026
Same author

Elite Athletes' Off-Sports Activities: A Qualitative Exploration of Spillover to the Sports Domain.

The Spanish journal of psychology·2025
Same author

Taking a playful approach to schoolwork: Associations with schoolwork engagement, school satisfaction, and school belonging.

Journal of school psychology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task
07:08

Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task

Published on: December 5, 2025

How job demands, resources, and burnout predict objective performance: a constructive replication.

Arnold B Bakker1, Hetty Van Emmerik, Pim Van Riet

  • 1Department of Work & Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. bakker@fsw.eur.nl

Anxiety, Stress, and Coping
|July 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Job conditions impact team sales performance. While exhaustion doesn't link job demands to performance, cynicism does mediate the effect of job resources, highlighting the importance of positive work environments for productivity.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task
07:08

Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task

Published on: December 5, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Organizational Psychology
  • Work and Organizational Psychology
  • Human Resources Management

Background:

  • The Job Demands-Resources model explains employee well-being and performance.
  • Job demands can lead to exhaustion, while job resources can foster engagement.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for improving team performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between job characteristics, burnout, and objective team performance.
  • To test the mediating roles of exhaustion and cynicism in the Job Demands-Resources model.
  • To determine how work conditions influence team sales performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Job Demands-Resources model framework.
  • Collected questionnaire data on job characteristics and burnout from 176 employees.
  • Linked self-report data to objective team sales performance data from a management information system for 71 teams.
  • Employed structural equation modeling for data analysis.

Main Results:

  • Exhaustion did not mediate the relationship between job demands and team performance.
  • Cynicism significantly mediated the relationship between job resources and team performance.
  • Work conditions appear to influence team performance primarily through the attitudinal component of burnout.

Conclusions:

  • Job resources are critical for maintaining positive attitudes, which in turn positively influence team performance.
  • Interventions aimed at enhancing job resources may be more effective in boosting performance than solely focusing on reducing job demands.
  • The attitudinal component of burnout (cynicism) plays a key role in the link between work environment and objective team outcomes.