Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 3, 2026
09:32
Resolving Water, Proteins, and Lipids from In Vivo Confocal Raman Spectra of Stratum Corneum through a Chemometric Approach
Published on: September 26, 2019
Topical therapy in pediatric atopic dermatitis
Andrew C Krakowski1, Magdalene A Dohil
1University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
|July 16, 2008
Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects 10-20% of children, presenting a chronic challenge with limited treatments. This review compares topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors for managing pediatric AD, discussing safety and compliance.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Pediatrics
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic skin condition in children, affecting 10-20% within the first decade of life.
- Current management relies heavily on topical anti-inflammatory agents, necessitating a balance between efficacy and safety, particularly in pediatric patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the principles of topical therapy for atopic dermatitis.
- To compare topical corticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors for AD management.
- To discuss specialized treatment strategies and common compliance challenges in pediatric AD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of topical anti-inflammatory agents for atopic dermatitis.
- Comparative analysis of topical corticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors.
- Discussion of adjunctive therapies like wet wraps and bleach baths.
Main Results:
- Topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors represent core therapeutic options for AD.
- Each agent class possesses distinct efficacy and safety profiles relevant to pediatric use.
- Specialized strategies and adherence barriers significantly impact treatment outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Optimizing topical AD therapy requires careful consideration of agent class, patient age, and safety.
- Understanding treatment differences and compliance factors is crucial for effective pediatric AD management.
- Further research may explore novel topical treatments and adherence interventions.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Acne Infection
Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
01:23Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
01:24Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
01:30Skin Cancer
Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
01:26Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
01:23Skin Diseases and Disorders
Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...