Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
Published on: August 18, 2017
Fast equilibration of hadrons in an expanding fireball
J Noronha-Hostler1, C Greiner, I A Shovkovy
1Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, J. W. Goethe Universität, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Abstract:
Because of long chemical equilibration times for standard hadronic reactions in a hadron gas in relativistic heavy ion collisions, it was suggested that hadrons are born into equilibrium after the quark gluon plasma is formed. We develop a dynamical scheme, using master equations, in which Hagedorn states contribute to fast chemical equilibration times of baryons and kaons, just below the critical temperature, estimates of which are derived analytically. The hadrons quickly equilibrate for an initial over- or underpopulation of Hagedorn states. Our particle ratios compared to BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider show a close match.
Related Concept Videos
Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle
To understand the concept of equilibrium, let us first consider the forces acting on an object. When different forces act on an object, they can...
Fermi Level Dynamics
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes
Elastic Collisions: Introduction
Homogeneous Equilibria for Gaseous Reactions
For gas-phase reactions, the equilibrium constant may be expressed in terms of either the molar concentrations (Kc) or partial pressures (Kp) of the reactants and products. A relation between these two K values may be simply derived from the ideal gas equation and the definition of molarity. According to the ideal gas equation:
Rocket Propulsion In Empty Space - II
