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Related Concept Videos

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

A Model of Long-Term Ventricular Fibrillation in Isolated Rat Hearts
07:56

A Model of Long-Term Ventricular Fibrillation in Isolated Rat Hearts

Published on: February 17, 2023

Lightning-induced ventricular fibrillation.

Deborah R Levy, Toshio Akiyama

    Cardiology Journal
    |July 25, 2008
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A lightning strike caused a boy scout to experience ventricular fibrillation, a life-threatening arrhythmia. While successfully treated with defibrillation, the patient remained in a coma, suggesting potential long-term effects of electrical cardiac events.

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    Advanced Cardiac Rhythm Management by Applying Optogenetic Multi-Site Photostimulation in Murine Hearts
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    High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation
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    Advanced Cardiac Rhythm Management by Applying Optogenetic Multi-Site Photostimulation in Murine Hearts

    Published on: August 26, 2021

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Electrophysiology
    • Emergency Medicine

    Background:

    • Lightning strikes can cause sudden cardiac death.
    • Commotio cordis, chest impact, can induce ventricular fibrillation.
    • Electrical shock and chest impact share mechanisms for ventricular arrhythmias.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a case of ventricular fibrillation following a lightning strike.
    • To discuss the potential mechanisms of lightning-induced cardiac arrhythmias.
    • To highlight the similarities between lightning strike and commotio cordis.

    Main Methods:

    • Case report of a 17-year-old male.
    • Emergency medical services response and defibrillation.
    • Clinical observation of patient's neurological status.

    Main Results:

    • The patient experienced ventricular fibrillation after a lightning strike.
    • Ventricular fibrillation was converted to sinus rhythm with a single DC countershock.
    • The patient remained in a coma despite successful defibrillation.

    Conclusions:

    • Lightning strikes can precipitate ventricular fibrillation, similar to commotio cordis.
    • The timing of the lightning strike, potentially at the T wave peak, may be crucial.
    • Further research is needed to understand the long-term neurological consequences of such events.