Regulator for controlling liquid helium bath near 4.2 K.

Area of Science:

• Cryogenics
• Low-temperature physics
• Experimental apparatus design

Background:

• Maintaining stable cryogenic temperatures is crucial for sensitive experiments.
• Liquid helium-4 (⁴He) baths are commonly used for achieving temperatures near 4.2 K.
• Existing temperature regulation methods can be complex or lack sufficient precision.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a simple and effective regulator for stabilizing liquid helium-4 (⁴He) bath temperatures.
• To achieve high temperature stability over extended hold times in cryostats.
• To provide a cost-effective solution for precise temperature control in low-temperature applications.

Main Methods:

• A regulator was designed to control the pressure of helium-4 (⁴He) gas.
• The regulator's performance was tested in a cryostat setup.
• Temperature stability was measured near 4.2 K.

Main Results:

• The developed regulator successfully stabilized the temperature of a liquid helium-4 (⁴He) bath.
• A temperature stability of +/-50 muK was achieved.
• The stability was maintained for the entire hold-time of the cryostat.

Conclusions:

• The simple regulator provides excellent temperature stability for liquid helium-4 (⁴He) baths.
• This device is suitable for applications requiring precise temperature control near 4.2 K.
• The pressure control mechanism offers a reliable method for cryogenic temperature stabilization.