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Ribozymes

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...

Ribozymes

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...

Experimental RNAi

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...

Riboswitches

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...

RNA Interference

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

RNA Interference

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers

Published on: August 20, 2014

A triplex ribozyme expression system based on a single hairpin ribozyme.

Guillermo Aquino-Jarquin¹, María Luisa Benítez-Hess, Joseph A DiPaolo

¹Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, CINVESTAV, México D.F., México.

Oligonucleotides

|August 19, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel triplex ribozyme (RZ) system for enhanced RNA targeting. The multiplex triplex RZ system demonstrates superior cleavage efficiency in vitro and in cervical cancer cells.

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Aptamer-Based Target Detection Facilitated by a 3-Stage G-Quadruplex Isothermal Exponential Amplification Reaction

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers

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Published on: August 20, 2014

Aptamer-Based Target Detection Facilitated by a 3-Stage G-Quadruplex Isothermal Exponential Amplification Reaction

Aptamer-Based Target Detection Facilitated by a 3-Stage G-Quadruplex Isothermal Exponential Amplification Reaction

Published on: October 6, 2022

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
RNA Therapeutics

Background:

Ribozymes (RZs) are RNA molecules with catalytic activity, useful for targeted RNA cleavage.
Hairpin RZs offer advantages over hammerhead RZs but present design challenges in multiplex systems.
Conventional RZ expression can limit individual RZ activity in multiplex settings.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a novel triplex expression system utilizing a single hairpin ribozyme for multiplex RNA targeting.
To assess the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the triplex RZ system compared to conventional constructs.
To explore the potential of triplex RZ configurations for differential RNA targeting and therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

Development of a triplex expression system based on a single hairpin ribozyme.
In vitro kinetic assays (cis- and trans-cleavage) using HPV-16 E6/E7 mRNA as a target.
Testing of single and multiplex triplex RZ constructs, including comparisons with tandem-cloned hairpin RZs and standard double-RZ constructs.
In vivo assessment of triplex RZ activity in cervical cancer cells.

Main Results:

Triplex RZ constructs showed enhanced target RNA cleavage efficiency compared to tandem-cloned hairpin RZs.
Multiplex triplex RZ systems exhibited improved trans-cleavage kinetics, suggesting efficient individual RZ release.
The triplex RZ system demonstrated both cis- and trans-cleavage activity within cervical cancer cells.
Multiplex systems with distinct hairpin RZs outperformed standard double-RZ constructs.

Conclusions:

The triplex RZ expression system, particularly in multiplex configurations, enhances RNA cleavage efficiency.
This system facilitates differential targeting of RNA molecules, offering advantages for unstable targets.
The developed prototype provides a foundation for future ribozyme-based therapies and biotechnological tools.
The triplex RZ system shows promise for applications in RNA therapeutics and diagnostics.