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Isolation of Mouse Interstitial Valve Cells to Study the Calcification of the Aortic Valve In Vitro
Published on: May 10, 2021
Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and aortic valve calcification in the multi-ethnic study of
David M Shavelle1, Ronit Katz, Junichiro Takasu
1Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
Insights
Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) was the only inflammatory biomarker linked to both higher prevalence and severity of aortic valve calcium (AVC). This finding emerged from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort analysis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biomarker Research
- Atherosclerosis Studies
Background:
- Previous research linked individual inflammatory markers to aortic valve disease.
- No prior studies examined inflammatory markers' association with aortic valve calcium (AVC) prevalence or severity using cardiac computed tomography (CT).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate associations between specific inflammatory biomarkers and baseline AVC prevalence and severity.
- To analyze data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort.
Main Methods:
- Examined associations of 11 inflammatory biomarkers (including CRP, IL-6, D-dimer, sICAM-1) with AVC prevalence and severity.
- Adjusted for age, gender, race, and cardiovascular risk factors.
Main Results:
- Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) showed significant associations with prevalent AVC (PR 1.20, 95% CI 1.04-1.39).
- Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and D-dimer also correlated with AVC prevalence, but sICAM-1 remained the sole significant marker when analyzed together.
- sICAM-1 was uniquely associated with increased AVC severity (RD 1.18, 95% CI 1.00-1.39).
Conclusions:
- sICAM-1, a marker of endothelial dysfunction, was the only biomarker associated with both increased AVC prevalence and severity in a multi-ethnic, asymptomatic population.
- Findings highlight sICAM-1's potential role in aortic valve calcification progression.
Background And Aim Of The Study:
Previous studies have reported associations between individual inflammatory biomarkers and aortic valve disease, but none has examined associations with, baseline prevalence or severity of aortic valve calcium (AVC), as measured with cardiac computed tomography (CT). The study aim was to determine whether specific inflammatory markers were associated with AVC in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort.
Methods:
The associations of inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), fibrinogen, D-dimer, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (sTNF-R1), soluble tissue factor (sTF), soluble E-selectin and matrix metalloproteinases-3 and -9 (MMP-3 and -9) with baseline AVC prevalence and severity were examined.
Results:
After adjusting for age, gender, race and cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, hypertension, diabetes, total cholesterol, HDL, serum creatinine, body mass index and lipid-lowering therapy), the point prevalence ratios (95% confidence interval) for prevalent AVC were 1.20 (1.04,1.39) for sICAM-1,1.13 (1.03, 1.24) for IL-6, and 1.11 (1.02, 1.21) for D-dimer. No other associations were statistically significant. When CRP, sICAM-1, IL-6 and D-dimer were modeled together, only sICAM-1 remained associated with increased AVC prevalence (1.18 (1.02, 1.38)). Only sICAM-1 was associated with increased AVC severity (relative difference (95% CI): 1.18 (1.00, 1.39)).
Conclusion:
In this large, multi-ethnic, asymptomatic cohort, sICAM-1- a marker of endothelial perturbation - was the only biomarker associated with both an increased prevalence and severity of AVC.
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