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Related Concept Videos

Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although vasectomy...
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.

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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
08:46

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

Hormonal contraception.

Paul D Blumenthal1, Alison Edelman

  • 1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. pdblumen@gmail.com

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|September 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Modern hormonal contraceptives offer safe and effective family planning, with expanded options and reduced risks. They are a cost-effective public health intervention for women's healthcare.

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Reproductive Techniques for Ovarian Monitoring and Control in Amphibians
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Reproductive Techniques for Ovarian Monitoring and Control in Amphibians

Published on: May 12, 2019

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
08:46

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

Reproductive Techniques for Ovarian Monitoring and Control in Amphibians
04:37

Reproductive Techniques for Ovarian Monitoring and Control in Amphibians

Published on: May 12, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Public Health
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Hormonal contraceptives are a cornerstone of family planning, a successful 20th-century public health intervention.
  • Contraceptive provision is integral to women's healthcare and annual well-woman visits.
  • Contraceptive use is a highly cost-effective strategy for preventing unplanned pregnancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review technical and programmatic aspects of hormonal contraceptive use.
  • To discuss various hormonal contraceptive methods in order of efficacy.
  • To highlight the evolution and benefits of modern hormonal contraceptives.

Main Methods:

  • Review of evidence-based guides and practice bulletins.
  • Summary of updated clinical protocols for hormonal contraceptive provision.
  • Discussion of hormonal contraceptive methods, including pills, rings, patches, implants, and intrauterine devices.

Main Results:

  • Expanded options for hormonal contraception with diverse delivery systems.
  • Reduced risks associated with modern hormonal contraceptives, even for women with medical conditions.
  • Identification and discouragement of unnecessary clinical practices, tests, and procedures.

Conclusions:

  • Hormonal contraceptives have evolved significantly, offering safer and more effective options.
  • Modern hormonal contraceptives provide valuable noncontraceptive benefits.
  • Streamlined clinical protocols enhance the provision of hormonal contraceptives.