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Updated: Jul 2, 2026
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Craniofacial obesity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Saeed M Banabilh1, A H Suzina, Sidek Dinsuhaimi
1School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
|September 3, 2008
Summary
Obesity is linked to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Facial soft tissue differences, particularly in the cheeks and jaw, were identified in OSA patients, aiding in screening for undiagnosed cases.
Area of Science:
- Medical imaging
- Anthropology
- Sleep medicine
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity are significant global public health concerns.
- Facial soft tissue morphology may be influenced by obesity and OSA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively analyze and pinpoint geometric morphometric variations in facial soft tissues between adults with and without OSA.
- To investigate the association between craniofacial morphology and OSA.
Main Methods:
- Studied 80 adult Malays (40 with OSA, 40 controls), confirmed via physician evaluation and sleep studies.
- Utilized 3-D stereophotogrammetry for facial soft tissue capture.
- Applied principal components analysis (PCA) and finite-element morphometry (FEM) to analyze 3-D facial data.
Main Results:
- OSA patients exhibited significantly higher BMI (32.3 kg/m²) and neck circumference (42.7 cm) compared to controls.
- PCA revealed significant facial shape differences between groups (p < 0.05), accounting for 50% of shape variation.
- FEM localized these differences to the bucco-submandibular regions, showing 7-22% increased volume in the OSA group (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
- Craniofacial obesity in the bucco-submandibular areas is associated with OSA.
- These morphological changes may serve as valuable screening indicators for identifying individuals with undiagnosed OSA.
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