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Related Concept Videos

Singularity Functions for Shear01:26

Singularity Functions for Shear

In structural analysis, singularity functions are crucial in simplifying the representation of shear forces in beams under discontinuous loading. These functions describe discontinuous variations in shear force across a beam with varying loads by using a single mathematical expression, regardless of the complexity of the loading conditions. The singularity functions are derived from creating a free-body diagram of the beam and then making conceptual cuts at specific points to examine the shear...
Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
Design Example: Forces in Sluice Gate01:11

Design Example: Forces in Sluice Gate

In hydraulic engineering, sluice gates are essential for managing water flow through channels, reservoirs, and irrigation systems. Sluice gates, acting as vertical barriers, regulate water by adjusting the gate's opening height, which changes the velocity and pressure of water flowing beneath the gate. Understanding the forces involved is crucial to designing sluice gates that can withstand dynamic pressure differences, especially when the gate is closed or partially open.
Key variables in...
Shearing Strain01:20

Shearing Strain

The shearing strain represents a cubic element's angular change when subjected to shearing stress. This type of stress can transform a cube into an oblique parallelepiped without influencing normal strains. The cubic element experiences a significant transformation when exposed solely to shearing stress. Its shape alters from a perfect cube into a rhomboid, clearly demonstrating the effect of shearing strain. The degree of this strain is considered positive if it reduces the angle between the...
Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
Protein-Protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-Protein Interfaces

Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a polypeptide...

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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Interfaces in driven Ising models: shear enhances confinement.

Thomas H R Smith1, Oleg Vasilyev, Douglas B Abraham

  • 1H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|September 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shear flow reduces the width of fluid interfaces in a two-dimensional Ising lattice gas. This effect, observed in simulations, mirrors findings in sheared colloidal dispersions, suggesting a universal phenomenon in driven soft matter systems.

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Ensemble Force Spectroscopy by Shear Forces
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Ensemble Force Spectroscopy by Shear Forces
07:30

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Published on: July 26, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Statistical mechanics
  • Soft matter physics
  • Computational physics

Background:

  • Fluid interfaces are crucial in various physical and chemical processes.
  • Understanding interfacial behavior under external fields, like shear flow, is essential.
  • Previous studies have explored interfacial properties in equilibrium and under specific conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of shear flow on the structure of fluid interfaces.
  • To model interfacial behavior using a driven two-dimensional Ising lattice gas.
  • To compare simulation results with experimental observations in colloidal systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a phase-separated driven two-dimensional Ising lattice gas model.
  • Employing computer simulations with Kawasaki dynamics for phase transitions.
  • Applying shear flow parallel to the interface, with localized or gradient driving fields.

Main Results:

  • The system achieves a steady state with a rescaled interfacial width, indicating a reduction in width under shear.
  • Magnetization profiles in the driven system are analogous to equilibrium profiles but with altered length scales.
  • Pair correlation functions decay faster under shear, with weak drive allowing rescaling to equilibrium results.

Conclusions:

  • Shear flow induces a significant reduction in interfacial width, a phenomenon observed in both simulations and experiments.
  • The study provides a microscopic understanding of interfacial behavior in driven systems.
  • The findings suggest universality in the response of phase-separated systems to shear flow.