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Functional Calcium Imaging in Developing Cortical Networks

Functional Calcium Imaging in Developing Cortical Networks

Published on: October 22, 2011

Functional connectivity MR imaging reveals cortical functional connectivity in the developing brain.

W Lin¹, Q Zhu, W Gao

¹Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. weili_lin@med.unc.edu

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology

|September 12, 2008

Summary

Resting-state functional connectivity (rfc) in sensorimotor areas develops earlier than in visual areas in infants. Brain connectivity volume increases with age, but strength remains consistent, showing developmental dissociation.

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Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Neuroscience
Functional Neuroimaging

Background:

Resting-state functional connectivity (rfc) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is ideal for studying pediatric brain development due to its lack of cognitive demands.
This technique identifies temporally correlated brain regions without external stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the temporal and spatial patterns of rfc in healthy children aged 2 weeks to 2 years.
To understand early brain functional development using rfc MRI.

Main Methods:

85 children (neonates, 1-year-olds, 2-year-olds) underwent asleep, non-sedated rfc MRI.
Correlation analysis was performed on signal intensity from motor, sensory, and visual cortical regions of interest.

Main Results:

Functional connectivity was present in sensorimotor and visual areas in all subjects.
Both the volume and strength of rfc increased with age from 2 weeks to 2 years.
Sensorimotor rfc volume was larger than visual rfc volume in neonates and 1-year-olds, but comparable by 2 years.

Conclusions:

Sensorimotor functional connectivity emerges before visual connectivity in early development (2 weeks to 1 year).
A dissociation exists between the increasing volume of cortical rfc and its consistent strength across development.