Shoulder osteoarthritis: diagnosis and management

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Rheumatology
• Geriatric Medicine

Background:

• Osteoarthritis of the shoulder involves gradual articular cartilage degeneration.
• This leads to joint surface changes, subchondral bone remodeling, and joint capsule thickening.
• It is a prevalent condition in the aging population, causing pain and reduced shoulder mobility.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the diagnosis and management of shoulder osteoarthritis.
• To outline treatment strategies based on disease severity.

Main Methods:

• Diagnosis relies on patient history, physical examination, and radiographic imaging.
• Treatment options are categorized based on the severity of degenerative joint disease.

Main Results:

• Mild osteoarthritis is managed with physical therapy and anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., acetaminophen, NSAIDs).
• Refractory cases may benefit from corticosteroid injections.
• Severe shoulder arthritis necessitates surgical intervention.

Conclusions:

• Shoulder osteoarthritis diagnosis is typically straightforward.
• Treatment is tailored to symptom severity and radiographic findings.
• A spectrum of nonoperative and operative interventions exists for managing shoulder osteoarthritis.