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Related Concept Videos

MOS Capacitor01:25

MOS Capacitor

A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
Energy Stored in a Capacitor01:12

Energy Stored in a Capacitor

When an archer pulls the string in a bow, he saves the work done in the form of elastic potential energy. When he releases the string, the potential energy is released as kinetic energy of the arrow. A capacitor works on the same principle in which the work done is saved as electric potential energy. The potential energy (UC) could be calculated by measuring the work done (W) to charge the capacitor.
Energy Stored in Capacitors01:10

Energy Stored in Capacitors

A parallel plate capacitor, when connected to a battery, develops a potential difference across its plates. This potential difference is key to the operation of the capacitor, as it determines how much electrical energy the capacitor can store.
By integrating the equation that relates voltage and current in a capacitor, one can derive an equation for the voltage across the capacitor at any given time. This equation is crucial in understanding and predicting the behavior of capacitors in...
Capacitor With A Dielectric01:18

Capacitor With A Dielectric

Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
Capacitors01:15

Capacitors

Capacitors play a crucial role in car radios, where they filter and store frequencies to ensure clear signal reception. Essentially serving as energy storage devices, capacitors store energy within their electric field and are composed of two parallel conducting plates separated by a dielectric.
When a voltage source is connected to a capacitor, positive and negative charges accumulate on the opposite plates. This accumulation generates a potential difference that equals the product of the...
Capacitors and Capacitance01:18

Capacitors and Capacitance

A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
When the conductors are two identical parallel plates, it is called a parallel plate capacitor. When battery terminals are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System
12:00

Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System

Published on: January 7, 2022

Graphene-based ultracapacitors.

Meryl D Stoller1, Sungjin Park, Yanwu Zhu

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, One University Station C2200, Austin, Texas 78712-0292, USA.

Nano Letters
|September 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemically modified graphene (CMG) offers superior surface area for energy storage. This new carbon material demonstrates high specific capacitance in ultracapacitors, paving the way for advanced electrical energy storage devices.

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Elaborate Control of Inkjet Printer for Fabrication of Chip-based Supercapacitors
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Published on: November 30, 2021

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Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System
12:00

Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System

Published on: January 7, 2022

Elaborate Control of Inkjet Printer for Fabrication of Chip-based Supercapacitors
10:57

Elaborate Control of Inkjet Printer for Fabrication of Chip-based Supercapacitors

Published on: November 30, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Graphene possesses an exceptionally high theoretical surface area (2630 m²/g).
  • Current activated carbons in electrochemical double-layer capacitors have lower surface areas.
  • Chemically modified graphene (CMG) is a novel carbon material derived from single-atom-thick graphene sheets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of chemically modified graphene (CMG) in an ultracapacitor cell.
  • To demonstrate the potential of CMG as a high-performance material for electrical energy storage.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of chemically modified graphene (CMG) materials from 1-atom-thick carbon sheets.
  • Functionalization of CMG as needed for specific applications.
  • Testing CMG performance in an ultracapacitor cell using aqueous and organic electrolytes.
  • Measurement of specific capacitance and assessment of performance across a range of voltage scan rates.

Main Results:

  • CMG exhibited specific capacitances of 135 F/g in aqueous electrolytes and 99 F/g in organic electrolytes.
  • The high electrical conductivity of CMG ensured consistent performance across various voltage scan rates.
  • Demonstrated significantly higher surface area compared to activated carbons used in existing capacitors.

Conclusions:

  • Chemically modified graphene (CMG) shows significant promise for high-performance electrical energy storage devices.
  • The unique properties of CMG, including high surface area and conductivity, are advantageous for ultracapacitors.
  • CMG represents a new class of carbon materials with exciting potential for advancing energy storage technology.