Diagnostic approach in suspected recurrent primary brain tumors using (18)FDG-PET/MRI, perfusion MRI, visual and

G Estrada1, L González-Maya, M A Celis-López

  • 1PET-Cyclotron Unit, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). Mexico. dragiselaus@yahoo.com

Abstract

Insights

PET/MRI fusion is a more sensitive and accurate imaging method for detecting recurrent brain tumors compared to perfusion MRI alone. Standard uptake values from (18)FDG PET are unreliable for evaluating tumor recurrence.

Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Nuclear Medicine

Background:

  • Evaluating tumoral recurrence in primary cerebral tumors (WHO III and IV) is critical for patient management.
  • Previous treatments necessitate reliable methods to distinguish recurrent tumors from treatment effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the diagnostic accuracy of (18)FDG-PET/MRI fusion and perfusion MRI (PMRI) in identifying recurrent primary brain tumors.
  • To assess the utility of standard uptake values (SUVs) and glucose uptake ratios in evaluating tumor recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty patients with treated primary cerebral tumors underwent (18)FDG-PET, MRI, and PMRI.
  • PET uptake was assessed visually and quantitatively (SUVs, ratios, z-scores).
  • PMRI was quantified using ratios of cerebral blood volume (rCBV). Imaging data were compared with histologic findings and clinical follow-up.

Main Results:

  • PET/MRI fusion demonstrated high sensitivity (100%) and accuracy (93%), outperforming PMRI (Se 68%, accuracy 73%).
  • PET/MRI fusion showed a statistically significant difference in ROC curve analysis (p=0.0225).
  • Two false positive cases for PET/MRI fusion were biopsy-confirmed as chronic inflammation and foreign body granulomas.

Conclusions:

  • (18)FDG SUVs and related metrics are unreliable for evaluating recurrent brain tumors.
  • PET/MRI fusion is a more sensitive and accurate imaging modality than PMRI for recurrent primary brain tumors.
  • Recurrent tumors can be identified on PET/MRI fusion by visual analysis of activity within MRI-defined hyperintense regions.

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