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Superconductor01:24

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Dissipation-driven quantum phase transition in superconductor-graphene systems.

Roman M Lutchyn1, Victor Galitski, Gil Refael

  • 1Joint Quantum Institute and Condensed Matter Theory Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|October 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We demonstrate a novel current switching device utilizing Josephson junctions coupled to graphene. This device leverages a quantum phase transition, offering tunable superconductivity controlled by gate voltage.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Superconducting devices are crucial for electronics.
  • Josephson junctions exhibit quantum phenomena.
  • Graphene's unique electronic properties offer potential for novel device applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a Josephson junction system coupled to graphene as a current switching device.
  • To explore the underlying quantum phase transition mechanism.
  • To understand the role of graphene in enhancing superconductivity.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of a two-dimensional Josephson junction array.
  • Analysis of dissipation-driven superconductor-to-insulator quantum phase transition.
  • Investigation of Josephson effect and Coulomb blockade interplay.
  • Study of charge fluctuations influenced by graphene's gapless excitations.

Main Results:

  • A Josephson junction system coupled to graphene acts as a current switching device.
  • The device operation relies on a dissipation-driven quantum phase transition.
  • Graphene coupling enhances superconductivity through charge fluctuations.
  • The switching effect scales exponentially with graphene's Fermi energy, tunable via gate voltage.

Conclusions:

  • The developed theory quantitatively describes the quantum phase transition in 2D Josephson junction arrays.
  • The findings are expected to qualitatively describe the behavior in 1D systems as well.
  • This work presents a promising avenue for tunable superconducting electronic devices.