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Nutritional and functional properties of dates: a review
Mohamed Ali Al-Farsi1, Chang Yong Lee
1Department of Food Science and Technology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.
Dates are a nutrient-rich fruit, providing energy, minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants. Date seeds are also valuable, offering higher protein, fat, fiber, and antioxidants, making both components beneficial for diet and functional foods.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional science
- Food science
- Phytochemistry
Background:
- Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are a staple food in many regions.
- Understanding their nutritional profile is crucial for dietary applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the nutritional and functional constituents of date flesh and seeds.
- To highlight their potential as dietary components and functional food ingredients.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of over 80 references.
- Analysis of nutritional data for date flesh and seeds.
Main Results:
- Date flesh: Rich in sugars (fructose, glucose), energy (314 kcal/100g), minerals (K, Mg, Cu, Se), vitamins (B-complex, C), fiber (8g/100g), and antioxidants.
- Date seeds: Higher in protein (5.1g/100g), fat (9.0g/100g), fiber (73.1g/100g), phenolics (3942mg/100g), and antioxidants (80400µmol/100g).
Conclusions:
- Dates are a valuable source of energy, micronutrients, and antioxidants.
- Date seeds possess significant nutritional and functional properties, suitable for functional food applications.
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