Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2026
10:06
Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells
Published on: April 26, 2017
THO/Sub2p functions to coordinate 3'-end processing with gene-nuclear pore association.
Mathieu Rougemaille1, Guennaelle Dieppois, Elena Kisseleva-Romanova
1LEA Laboratory of Nuclear RNA metabolism, Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UPR2167, 1, av de la Terrasse, 91190, Gif sur Yvette, France.
Cell
|October 30, 2008
Summary
The THO complex and Sub2p helicase are crucial for messenger ribonucleoprotein particle (mRNP) biogenesis. Mutations stall mRNP export, revealing THO/Sub2p
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Gene Expression
- RNA Processing
Background:
- Messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs) form during transcription.
- The THO complex and Sub2p helicase are involved in transcription and mRNP biogenesis.
- Their precise roles in these processes are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the function of the THO complex/Sub2p in mRNP biogenesis and gene expression.
- To identify genes regulated by the THO complex/Sub2p.
- To determine the specific step at which THO/Sub2p acts in mRNP maturation.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of THO/Sub2p mutants in yeast.
- Characterization of stalled mRNP intermediates.
- Microarray analysis of gene expression.
- Localization studies of nuclear pore and polyadenylation factors.
Main Results:
- THO/Sub2p mutations cause stalled mRNP intermediates containing nuclear pore and polyadenylation factors associated with chromatin.
- Microarray analysis identified approximately 400 novel target genes requiring THO/Sub2p for expression.
- These target genes are aberrantly docked to the nuclear pore in mutants.
Conclusions:
- The THO complex/Sub2p is essential for coordinating events that lead to mRNP export competence.
- This function is required after commitment to 3'-processing but before nuclear export.
- THO/Sub2p plays a critical role in ensuring efficient gene expression by facilitating mRNP maturation.
Related Concept Videos
01:45Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
01:34Nuclear Protein Sorting
Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
01:46Nuclear Localization Signals and Import
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry short stretches of amino acid sequences called the nuclear localization signal or NLS. Classical nuclear localization signals are of two types: monopartite and bipartite NLS. Monopartite classical NLS (cNLS) consists of a single cluster of 4-8 amino acids. Bipartite cNLS consists of two clusters of 2-3 amino acids and a 9-12 residue long proline-rich linker bridging the two clusters. Signal clusters are rich in positively charged amino acids such as...
01:42Nuclear Export
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
02:31Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
02:31Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...