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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
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Proteomic changes associated with diabetes in the BB-DP rat.

D Thor Johnson1, Robert A Harris, Stephanie French

  • 1National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA. johnsondt@nhlbi.nih.gov

American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
|November 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study used advanced proteomics to analyze protein changes in type 1 diabetes. It identified altered proteins in liver, heart, and muscle, revealing new insights into diabetes-related metabolic disruptions.

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Area of Science:

  • Proteomics
  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes significantly impacts metabolic and signaling pathways.
  • Understanding protein expression changes is crucial for identifying disease mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate protein expression alterations in type 1 diabetes using advanced proteomic techniques.
  • To identify novel molecular targets and pathways affected by type 1 diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry.
  • Compared protein expression in liver, heart, and skeletal muscle of diabetes-prone and control rats.
  • Employed semiquantitative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and differential in-gel 2D electrophoresis.

Main Results:

  • Detected differential expression of 341 proteins in the liver, 43 in the heart, and 9 in skeletal muscle.
  • Assembled data into key metabolic pathways affected in the liver.
  • Observed multiple covalent modifications and generated hypotheses on protein oxidation and metabolic inhibition.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomic analysis reveals significant protein expression changes in type 1 diabetes.
  • Identified potential mechanisms for metabolic dysfunction, including protein oxidation and altered enzyme activity.
  • Provides a foundation for further research into type 1 diabetes pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.