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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body01:31

Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body

Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various  biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin, delayed...
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipid Absorption01:24

Lipid Absorption

Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
Lipid Catabolism01:25

Lipid Catabolism

Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

Atherogenic lipoprotein subprofiling.

Allison A Ellington1, Iftikhar J Kullo

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

Advances in Clinical Chemistry
|November 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a risk for heart disease. Novel markers like LDL particle size and lipoprotein (a) may improve risk assessment, even in those with normal LDL cholesterol.

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Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
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Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
09:15

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Lipidology
  • Preventive Cardiology

Background:

  • Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a primary risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD).
  • A notable proportion of coronary events occur in individuals with conventionally normal serum LDL cholesterol levels.
  • This highlights potential limitations in current risk stratification methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review lipoprotein biology and its association with CHD risk.
  • To explore the utility of novel lipoprotein markers beyond LDL-associated cholesterol for improved CHD risk stratification.
  • To discuss available methodologies for atherogenic lipid subprofiling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular risk.
  • Analysis of studies investigating novel lipoprotein markers (LDL particle size, number, Lp(a)) in relation to CHD.
  • Examination of current laboratory techniques for lipid subfraction analysis.

Main Results:

  • Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels alone may not fully capture an individual's coronary heart disease (CHD) risk.
  • LDL particle size and number, along with lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels, are emerging as important predictors of CHD.
  • These novel markers may enhance risk assessment, particularly in individuals with normal LDL cholesterol.

Conclusions:

  • Assessing LDL particle size, number, and Lp(a) levels alongside traditional LDL cholesterol can refine coronary heart disease (CHD) risk stratification.
  • Further research and clinical integration of these advanced lipid markers are warranted for comprehensive cardiovascular risk assessment.
  • Methodologies for atherogenic lipid subprofiling are evolving to support clinical application.