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Related Concept Videos

Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining, normally used to...
Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining, normally used to...
Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Performing and Processing FNA of Anterior Fat Pad for Amyloid
09:41

Performing and Processing FNA of Anterior Fat Pad for Amyloid

Published on: October 30, 2010

[Head and neck amyloidosis].

Małgorzata Leszczyńska1, Lukasz Borucki, Mariola Popko

  • 1Klinika Laryngologii i Onkologii Laryngologicznej w Poznaniu.

Otolaryngologia Polska = the Polish Otolaryngology
|November 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Amyloidosis, a rare head and neck condition, presents diagnostic challenges. Early identification of localized or systemic amyloidosis is crucial for effective treatment planning.

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Performing and Processing FNA of Anterior Fat Pad for Amyloid
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Published on: October 30, 2010

Neurodegeneration in an Animal Model of Chronic Amyloid-beta Oligomer Infusion Is Counteracted by Antibody Treatment Infused with Osmotic Pumps
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Neurodegeneration in an Animal Model of Chronic Amyloid-beta Oligomer Infusion Is Counteracted by Antibody Treatment Infused with Osmotic Pumps

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Visualization of Amyloid β Deposits in the Human Brain with Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry
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Visualization of Amyloid β Deposits in the Human Brain with Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Pathology
  • Oncology
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • Amyloidosis involves pathological protein accumulation in tissues, causing illness.
  • Over 26 amyloidogenic proteins exist; AL, AA, and ATTR are most common.
  • Head and neck amyloidosis is rare, presenting as localized or systemic disease.

Observation:

  • Three cases of head and neck amyloidosis are presented: one lingual/neck tumor, two laryngeal tumors.
  • Symptoms included swallowing difficulties, dysarthria, joint swelling, and carpal syndrome.
  • Biopsies confirmed amyloidosis in lingual and laryngeal tumors.

Findings:

  • Histopathology identified amyloidosis in lingual and laryngeal tumors.
  • USG revealed no significant findings in the lingual/neck tumor case.
  • Localized amyloidosis was confirmed in the laryngeal tumor patients.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis and classification of amyloidosis remain challenging.
  • Identifying local vs. systemic disease is key for treatment.
  • Congo red staining is the gold standard for amyloidosis diagnosis.