Deproteinized bovine bone versus beta-tricalcium phosphate in sinus augmentation surgery: a comparative histologic...

Area of Science:

• Dental surgery
• Biomaterials science
• Regenerative medicine

Background:

• Sinus augmentation is a common procedure to increase bone volume in the posterior maxilla.
• Various bone graft materials are available, including autogenous bone and bone substitutes like beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and deproteinized bovine bone (DBB).
• The efficacy of these materials, especially when combined with autogenous bone, requires further comparative analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) in sinus augmentation surgery.
• To evaluate the contribution of autogenous bone when mixed with these bone substitutes.
• To assess new bone formation and graft incorporation after sinus augmentation.

Main Methods:

• A prospective study involving 48 sinus grafting operations.
• Materials used included pure β-TCP, pure DBB, DBB mixed with 10-20% autogenous bone, and autogenous bone alone.
• Biopsy specimens were analyzed after 9 months for new bone formation.

Main Results:

• Autogenous bone alone resulted in the highest percentage of new bone formation (49.2%).
• Deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) showed significantly higher new bone formation (34.2%) compared to beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) (21.4%).
• No significant difference in new bone formation was observed between single-component grafts and their respective composite grafts with autogenous bone.

Conclusions:

• Autogenous bone is the most effective material for sinus augmentation, promoting superior new bone formation.
• Deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) is a viable alternative to beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), yielding more new bone.
• Supplementing bone substitutes with 10-20% autogenous bone did not significantly enhance new bone formation in this study.