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Updated: Jun 27, 2026
09:07
Electromagnetic Controlled Closed-Head Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice
Published on: September 28, 2022
Indirect gunshot wound to the head
Brian T Ragel1, Randall R McCafferty
1Department of Neurosurgery, David Grant Medical Center, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, Fairfield, CA 94535, USA, brian.ragel@gmail.com
Acta Neurochirurgica
|November 19, 2008
Summary
A man with chronic sinusitis and clear nasal discharge, caused by a bullet lodged in his maxillary sinus from an indirect head injury, underwent successful surgical removal. This case highlights the risks of ballistic trauma in conflict zones.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Neurosurgery
- Trauma Surgery
Background:
- A patient presented with a 3-month history of rhinorrhea and sinusitis.
- A remote head injury from a falling object 11 years prior was reported.
Observation:
- Neurologic examination revealed sensory deficits in the V1 and V2 trigeminal nerve distributions.
- Imaging confirmed a bullet lodged within the left maxillary sinus.
Findings:
- Surgical removal of the bullet was achieved through a sublabial incision.
- The procedure involved opening the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus.
Implications:
- Indirect gunshot wounds to the head are a recognized risk in Afghanistan due to ongoing conflict and cultural practices.
- This case underscores the importance of considering ballistic trauma in patients with chronic sinusitis and neurological deficits.
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