Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease
Published on: July 18, 2014
Prehospital management of congestive heart failure
1Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. amattu@smail.umaryland.edu
Abstract:
The evolution of prehospital treatment of decompensated congestive heart failure has in some ways come full circle: rather than emphasizing a battery of new pharmacotherapies, out-of-hospital providers have a renewed focus on aggressive use of nitrates, optimization of airway support, and rapid transport. The use of furosemide and morphine has become de-emphasized, and a flurry of research activity and excitement revolves around the use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation. Further research will clarify the role of bronchodilators and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the prehospital setting.
Related Concept Videos
Heart Failure V: Medical Management
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management
Cardiomyopathy VI: Nursing Management