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Related Concept Videos

Anatomical Positions01:11

Anatomical Positions

In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Optimization of Breast Biopsy and Mastectomy Sample Collection Procedures for Biobanking, Personalized Medicine, and Research Applications
06:42

Optimization of Breast Biopsy and Mastectomy Sample Collection Procedures for Biobanking, Personalized Medicine, and Research Applications

Published on: September 2, 2025

Breast specimen orientation.

M A Molina1, S Snell, D Franceschi

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Miami, FL, USA.

Annals of Surgical Oncology
|December 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surgeon and pathologist orientation of lumpectomy specimens shows a high disorientation rate of 31.1%. Smaller specimen volumes (<20 cm³) significantly increase the risk of disorientation, necessitating improved orientation techniques.

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Pathology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Accurate orientation of lumpectomy specimens is crucial for precise pathological assessment.
  • Standard orientation methods using stitches may still lead to specimen disorientation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the correlation between surgeon and pathologist orientation of lumpectomy specimens.
  • To identify factors contributing to specimen disorientation.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 122 lumpectomy specimens.
  • Surgeons placed an additional Prolene suture on one of six sides for localization.
  • Specimen volume and presence of skin/muscle were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Overall disorientation rate was 31.1%.
  • Specimen volume was highly associated with orientation; smaller specimens (<20 cm³) had a 78% disorientation rate versus 20% for larger specimens (p < .001).
  • Presence of skin or muscle did not improve orientation.

Conclusions:

  • Current lumpectomy specimen orientation techniques are associated with a high disorientation rate.
  • Specimen size is a critical factor influencing orientation accuracy.
  • Development of enhanced orientation methods is required to minimize errors.