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Papillary Dermis

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
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Reticular Dermis

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...

Types of Membrane Protrusions

Types of Membrane Protrusions

The protrusion of the cell surface is an initial step for several cellular processes, including cell migration, phagocytosis, and neurite outgrowth. These membrane protrusions are a result of cytoskeletal rearrangement. The most widely observed cell protrusions include lamellipodia, pseudopodia, filopodia, microvilli, invadopodia, and podosomes. These protrusions can be of two types — static or dynamic.
The microvilli, an example of stable protrusions, are finger-like projections with a...

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...

Cells of the Epidermis

Cells of the Epidermis

The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...

Elastin is Responsible for Tissue Elasticity

Elastin is Responsible for Tissue Elasticity

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Ligaments and tendons are made of dense regular connective tissue, but in ligaments not all fibers are parallel. Dense regular elastic tissue contains elastin fibers and...

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Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: May 16, 2025

Perifollicular protrusions--mid-dermal elastolysis.

Andreas Volz¹, Andrea Pfister-Wartha, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman

¹Department of Dermatology, Freiburg, Germany.

Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG

|December 5, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mid-dermal elastolysis is a rare skin condition causing fine wrinkles and bumps. Histopathology reveals a distinctive loss of elastic tissue in the mid-dermis.

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Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Pathology
Medical Science

Background:

Mid-dermal elastolysis is an uncommon dermatological condition.
It presents with characteristic skin aging signs like fine wrinkles and perifollicular protrusions.

Observation:

The case presented exhibits typical clinical features of mid-dermal elastolysis.
Prominent perifollicular protrusions were a notable observation in this patient.

Findings:

Histopathological examination confirmed a bandlike absence of elastic tissue within the mid-dermis.
This finding is the hallmark of mid-dermal elastolysis.

Implications:

Understanding the histopathology is crucial for diagnosing mid-dermal elastolysis.
Accurate diagnosis aids in managing patients presenting with these specific skin changes.