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Improving coupling efficiency of fiber-waveguide coupling with a double-tip coupler.

S H Tao1, Junfeng Song, Q Fang

  • 1Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, 11 Science Park Road, Science Park II, Singapore. taosh@ime.a-star.edu.sg

Optics Express
|December 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates a double-tip coupler for improved light coupling between optical fibers and silicon nitride waveguides. The novel design enhances coupling efficiency by over 2 dB compared to single-tip couplers.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Efficient light coupling is crucial for integrated photonic devices.
  • Sub-micron silicon nitride waveguides present challenges for fiber optic integration.
  • Existing coupling methods often suffer from significant insertion loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate a novel double-tip coupler for enhanced light coupling.
  • To improve coupling efficiency between optical fibers and sub-micron silicon nitride waveguides.
  • To investigate the impact of coupler geometry on performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a double-tip coupler with inversely and laterally tapered waveguides.
  • Experimental characterization of coupling efficiency.
  • Numerical simulation to analyze the effect of geometric parameters.

Main Results:

  • The double-tip coupler achieved over 2 dB improvement in coupling efficiency per facet compared to single-tip couplers.
  • The tip width was maintained at 180 nm for comparison.
  • The study analyzed the influence of the gap width between double tips on coupling efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • The double-tip coupler offers a significant advancement for efficient fiber-to-waveguide coupling.
  • This technology is promising for reducing losses in photonic integrated circuits.
  • Further optimization of the double-tip geometry can lead to even greater performance gains.