Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
Introduction to Learning01:18

Introduction to Learning

Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
In contrast to learned behaviors, unlearned behaviors such as crying, sexual...
Steps in the Modeling Process01:14

Steps in the Modeling Process

Albert Bandura's theory of observational learning identifies four critical processes: attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement or motivation.
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...
Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a bonus...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cervical spinal cord stimulation disrupts proprioception yet improves voluntary arm reaching.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Arm dominance is an emergent effect of practice executing complex trajectory shapes required by tools and objects.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Perceptual consciousness probably did not evolve for model-based planning.

The Behavioral and brain sciences·2026
Same author

Novel tool use does not depend on mechanical reasoning: evidence from apraxia.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Spinal cord stimulation for upper limb motor function in people with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis: a feasibility trial.

Nature medicine·2026
Same author

Large language models and emergence: a complex systems perspective.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

Learning of a sequential motor skill comprises explicit and implicit components that consolidate differently.

M Felice Ghilardi1, Clara Moisello, Giulia Silvestri

  • 1CUNY Medical School, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Harris Hall Suite 210, 138th and Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA. lice.mg79@gmail.com

Journal of Neurophysiology
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Motor skill learning involves explicit sequence order and implicit spatial accuracy. Both components become resistant to interference with sufficient training, crucial for flawless sequential actions.

More Related Videos

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
06:04

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice

Published on: March 4, 2014

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum
07:52

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum

Published on: February 12, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
06:04

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice

Published on: March 4, 2014

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum
07:52

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum

Published on: February 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Motor control and learning
  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Human motor performance

Background:

  • Accurate sequential movements are fundamental for motor function.
  • Motor learning comprises explicit sequence order and implicit spatial accuracy.
  • Understanding interference is key to motor skill acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the learning time course of explicit and implicit components of sequential motor behavior.
  • Examine the susceptibility of these components to interference from learning a second sequence.
  • Determine how training duration affects interference resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed explicit learning via correct anticipatory movements.
  • Measured implicit learning using spatial error, a measure of accuracy.
  • Introduced a second sequence (SEQB) at different intervals after a first sequence (SEQA) to test interference.

Main Results:

  • Explicit sequence order recall was susceptible to anterograde interference, even after 24 hours.
  • Implicit spatial accuracy showed interference at 5 minutes but not 24 hours post-learning.
  • Increased initial training with SEQA enhanced resistance to interference for both components.

Conclusions:

  • Explicit sequence learning is more prone to anterograde interference; implicit learning is more prone to retrograde interference.
  • Sufficient training (saturation training) makes both explicit and implicit learning resistant to interference.
  • Integrating explicit and implicit components is vital for developing seamless sequential motor skills.