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Individual differences in amphetamine sensitization, behavior and central monoamines.

Jamie L Scholl1, Na Feng, Michael J Watt

  • 1Basic Biomedical Sciences & Neuroscience Group, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 414 E. Clark St. Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.

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|December 24, 2008
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Repeated amphetamine treatment in rats can lead to behavioral sensitization, increased anxiety, and altered stress hormones. These neurochemical changes, including dopamine and serotonin levels, are linked to amphetamine sensitization.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Repeated amphetamine administration can induce behavioral sensitization.
  • Neuroendocrine and behavioral changes may accompany amphetamine sensitization, but their occurrence without sensitization is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if repeated amphetamine treatment without behavioral sensitization alters anxiety, corticosterone levels, and monoamine concentrations.
  • To examine the relationship between amphetamine sensitization and these neurobiological changes.

Main Methods:

  • Male Sprague-Dawley rats received daily amphetamine (2.5 mg/kg) or saline for 6 days.
  • Behavioral sensitization, open-field anxiety, plasma corticosterone, and limbic monoamines were assessed during withdrawal.

Main Results:

  • 62% of amphetamine-treated rats exhibited behavioral sensitization.
  • Only sensitized rats showed increased anxiety (latency to center) and elevated plasma corticosterone.
  • Amphetamine-sensitized rats displayed altered dopamine (nucleus accumbens shell) and serotonin (dorsal hippocampus) concentrations, unlike non-sensitized rats.

Conclusions:

  • Repeated amphetamine treatment at 2.5 mg/kg alters anxiety, corticosterone, and monoamine levels.
  • These neuroendocrine and behavioral alterations are frequently associated with sensitization to amphetamine's psychostimulant effects.