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Related Concept Videos

Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
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Forgetting01:21

Forgetting

Forgetting is an intrinsic aspect of human memory, characterized by the gradual loss or inaccessibility of information over time. Hermann Ebbinghaus, a pioneering psychologist, extensively studied this phenomenon and formulated the forgetting curve. This curve illustrates that memory loss occurs rapidly immediately after learning and then decelerates over time. Several mechanisms contribute to forgetting, including encoding failure, storage decay, retrieval failure, and interference.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

Does content affect whether users remember that Web pages were hyperlinked?

Keith S Jones1, Timothy V Ballew, C Adam Probst

  • 1Department of Psychology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2051, USA. keith.s.jones@ttu.edu

Human Factors
|December 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Memory for web page hyperlinks improves when they clearly relate to the content. This finding holds true even when distinguishing between content and link-based relations, enhancing user recall of website structure.

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Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
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Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
08:06

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory

Published on: August 15, 2010

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
08:53

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Web Design

Background:

  • Previous research indicated hyperlinks improve memory when relating web page content.
  • A limitation of prior studies was the potential for participants to use existing site knowledge, confounding hyperlink memory effects.
  • This study addresses this by isolating hyperlink-content relations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if memory for hyperlinks is enhanced when they represent relationships between web page contents.
  • To investigate the role of content-based versus hyperlink-based relations in user memory for website architecture.
  • To refine experimental conditions to better isolate the effect of hyperlink-content association on memory.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1 involved users navigating a website and answering questions about content-only, hyperlink-only, and combined content-hyperlink relations.
  • The combined relations were split into two question types: content element relatedness and hyperlink existence between pages.
  • Experiment 2 modified the question format for combined relations, ensuring incorrect answers were also related to the target, to control for associative guessing.

Main Results:

  • Memory for hyperlinks significantly improved when they represented relations embedded within the web page content.
  • This enhancement was observed consistently across both experimental designs.
  • The findings were robust regardless of whether questions focused on content or hyperlink specificity, or when distractor options were semantically related.

Conclusions:

  • User accuracy in recalling website architecture is dependent on the degree to which hyperlinks are associated with relevant site content.
  • Web designers should ensure hyperlinks clearly reflect the relationships between the information presented on linked pages to improve user memory.
  • This research provides actionable insights for designing more intuitive and memorable web navigation systems.