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Related Concept Videos

Catenins01:23

Catenins

Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the adherens...
Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane02:02

Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane

The chair conformation is the most stable form of cyclohexane due to the absence of angle and torsional strain. The absence of angle strain is a result of cyclohexane’s bond angle being very close to the ideal tetrahedral bond angle of 109.5° in its chair conformer. Similarly, the torsional strain is also absent owing to the perfectly staggered arrangement of bonds.
The hydrogen atoms linked to carbons are arranged in two different axial and equatorial orientations to achieve this staggered...
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group with both...
[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
Structure of Conjugated Dienes01:16

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the double...
Structure of Cadherins01:25

Structure of Cadherins

The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins”   is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This diversity of cadherins...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules
09:32

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules

Published on: April 12, 2019

A new doubly interlocked [2]catenane.

Carlos Peinador1, Víctor Blanco, José M Quintela

  • 1Departamento de Quimica Fundamental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruna. Campus A Zapateira, 15071, A Coruna, Spain. capeveqo@udc.es; jqqoqf@udc.es

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers report a new molecular Solomon link, a doubly braided [2]catenane. This complex molecule was created using a five-component self-assembly process.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Crystal Engineering
  • Organic Synthesis

Background:

  • Catenanes are mechanically interlocked molecules with unique topological properties.
  • Molecular braiding and Solomon links represent advanced architectures in supramolecular chemistry.
  • Self-assembly offers a powerful strategy for constructing complex molecular structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel doubly braided [2]catenane.
  • To investigate the formation of a molecular Solomon link through a multi-component self-assembly process.
  • To elucidate the crystal structure of the synthesized catenane.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a five-component self-assembly strategy.
  • Employing coordinative bonds, pi-donor/pi-acceptor interactions, and hydrogen bonding as driving forces.
  • Characterizing the product through X-ray crystallography.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of a doubly braided [2]catenane.
  • Confirmation of the molecular Solomon link topology.
  • Detailed analysis of the crystal structure revealing the intricate braiding.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates a novel approach to constructing complex catenane architectures.
  • The findings expand the scope of molecular braiding and topological chemistry.
  • The reported Solomon link provides a new platform for exploring advanced molecular materials.