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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment
08:59

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment

Published on: December 3, 2020

Postmortem tissue concentrations of olanzapine.

Christopher Vance1, Iain M McIntyre

  • 1San Diego County Medical Examiner's Office, 5555 Overland Ave., Suite 1411, MS O-10, San Diego, California 92123-1245, USA. Christopher.Vance@sdcounty.ca.gov

Journal of Analytical Toxicology
|January 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzed 28 cases involving olanzapine, finding that deaths solely due to olanzapine showed significantly higher drug concentrations in blood and tissues compared to non-olanzapine or multi-drug cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
  • Determining the role of olanzapine in postmortem cases requires understanding its toxicological concentrations.

Observation:

  • Analyzed 28 cases from 2004-2007 involving olanzapine using GC-MS and GC-NPD.
  • Measured olanzapine concentrations in peripheral blood, central blood, liver, and vitreous humor.
  • Compared concentrations in olanzapine-only deaths, non-olanzapine deaths, and multi-drug deaths.

Findings:

  • Olanzapine-only deaths had average concentrations of 3.2 mg/L (PB), 4.5 mg/L (CB), 40 mg/kg (liver), and 1.6 mg/L (vitreous).
  • Toxicity was associated with concentrations >1.4 mg/L (PB), >1.1 mg/L (CB), >14 mg/kg (liver), and >1.1 mg/L (vitreous).

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment
08:59

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment

Published on: December 3, 2020

  • Deaths solely attributed to olanzapine showed at least a 10-fold increase in tissue concentrations compared to non-olanzapine cases.

    • Implications:

    • Establishes reference ranges for olanzapine concentrations in postmortem toxicology.
    • Aids forensic toxicologists in determining the cause of death in olanzapine-involved cases.
    • Highlights the importance of quantitative analysis for assessing olanzapine's contribution to mortality.