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LC Circuits

LC Circuits

An LC circuit consists of an inductor and a capacitor, either in series or parallel. Consider a charged capacitor connected with an inductor in series. Before the switch is closed, all the energy of the circuit is stored in the electric field of the capacitor. When the switch is closed, the capacitor begins to discharge, producing a current in the circuit. The current, in turn, creates a magnetic field in the inductor. Because of the induced emf in the inductor, the current cannot change...

Oscillations In An LC Circuit

Oscillations In An LC Circuit

An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by

Applications of RC Circuits

Applications of RC Circuits

A relaxation oscillator is one of the applications of RC circuits. A neon lamp relaxation oscillator comprises a capacitor, a resistor, a voltage source, and a lamp. The lamp acts like an open circuit, with infinite resistance until the potential difference across the lamp reaches a specific voltage. At that voltage, the lamp acts like a short circuit with zero resistance, and the capacitor discharges through the lamp, thus producing light. Once the capacitor is fully discharged through the...

Design Example: Underdamped Parallel RLC Circuit

Design Example: Underdamped Parallel RLC Circuit

Consider designing an oscillator circuit, a crucial component in various electronic devices and systems. The objective is to create an oscillator circuit with specific characteristics: a damped natural frequency of 4 kHz and a damping factor of 4 radians per second. To accomplish this, a parallel RLC circuit is employed, known for its ability to sustain oscillations at a resonant frequency. In this case, the damping factor is pivotal in achieving the desired performance.
Starting with a fixed...

RLC Circuit as a Damped Oscillator

RLC Circuit as a Damped Oscillator

An RLC circuit combines a resistor, inductor, and capacitor, connected in a series or parallel combination.
Consider a series RLC circuit. Here, the presence of resistance in the circuit leads to energy loss due to joule heating in the resistance. Therefore, the total electromagnetic energy in the circuit is no longer constant and decreases with time. Since the magnitude of charge, current, and potential difference continuously decreases, their oscillations are said to be damped. This is...

Series RLC Circuit without Source

Series RLC Circuit without Source

Within the field of electrical circuits, source-free RLC circuits present an intriguing domain. These circuits comprise a series arrangement of a resistor, inductor, and capacitor, operating independently of external energy sources. Their initiation hinges upon utilizing the initial energy stored within the capacitor and inductor to instigate their functionality. Their mathematical equation, a second-order differential equation, sets these circuits apart. This equation captures how the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Local Field Fluorescence Microscopy: Imaging Cellular Signals in Intact Hearts

Local Field Fluorescence Microscopy: Imaging Cellular Signals in Intact Hearts

Published on: March 8, 2017

Non-contact Heartbeat Sensor using LC oscillator circuit.

Joon Ho Oum¹, Hyunji Koo, Songcheol Hong

¹Electrical Engineering Dept. of Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Republic of Korea.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

|January 24, 2009

Summary

This study introduces a non-contact heartbeat sensor for personal healthcare. The portable device uses an LC oscillator to detect heart signals from the chest or wrist without skin contact.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Wearable Technology

Background:

Continuous heart rate monitoring is crucial for personal healthcare and disease management.
Existing methods often require direct skin contact, limiting convenience and portability.
Development of non-invasive sensing technologies is an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and evaluate a novel non-contact heartbeat sensor for personal healthcare applications.
To demonstrate the feasibility of using an LC oscillator for remote heart signal detection.
To develop a portable and user-friendly heart monitoring solution.

Main Methods:

Utilized an LC oscillator circuit as the core sensing element.
Employed capacitive and inductive electrodes for signal acquisition from chest and wrist locations.
Measured heartbeat signals without requiring direct physical contact with the skin.

Main Results:

Successfully detected human heartbeat signals using the non-contact sensor.
Validated the sensor's capability to acquire signals from different body locations (chest, wrist).
Confirmed the sensor's potential as a portable and convenient monitoring device.

Conclusions:

The proposed non-contact heartbeat sensor using an LC oscillator is a viable technology for personal healthcare.
The sensor offers a convenient and portable solution for continuous heart rate monitoring.
Further development could integrate this sensor into various wearable devices for enhanced health tracking.