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Related Concept Videos

Ligand Binding and Linkage00:49

Ligand Binding and Linkage

Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked.  In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence the...
Ligand Binding Sites02:40

Ligand Binding Sites

Proteins are dynamic macromolecules that carry out a wide variety of essential processes; however, the activities of most proteins depend on their interactions with other molecules or ions, known as ligands.
Protein-ligand interactions are quite specific; even though numerous potential ligands surround a cellular protein at any given time, only a particular ligand can bind to that protein. Moreover, a ligand binds only to a dedicated area on the surface of the protein, known as the...
Conserved Binding Sites01:49

Conserved Binding Sites

Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally analyses the...
Protein-protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-protein Interfaces

Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a polypeptide...
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Incorporating Target Protein Structure Flexibility and Dynamics in Computational Drug Discovery Using Ensemble-Based Docking Analysis
08:49

Incorporating Target Protein Structure Flexibility and Dynamics in Computational Drug Discovery Using Ensemble-Based Docking Analysis

Published on: June 20, 2025

Managing protein flexibility in docking and its applications.

Chandrika B-Rao1, Jyothi Subramanian, Somesh D Sharma

  • 1Discovery Informatics, Piramal Life Sciences Limited, 1 Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon (E), Mumbai 400063, India. chandrika.rao@piramal.com

Drug Discovery Today
|February 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Managing receptor flexibility in computational drug discovery remains challenging. Combining multiple computational methods offers the most reliable approach for determining optimal protein conformations for drug targets.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Incorporating Target Protein Structure Flexibility and Dynamics in Computational Drug Discovery Using Ensemble-Based Docking Analysis
08:49

Incorporating Target Protein Structure Flexibility and Dynamics in Computational Drug Discovery Using Ensemble-Based Docking Analysis

Published on: June 20, 2025

Structure-Guided Design and Development of Novel Cyclophilin A Inhibitors and Ganoderiol-F Derivatives: An In-Silico Approach
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Structure-Guided Design and Development of Novel Cyclophilin A Inhibitors and Ganoderiol-F Derivatives: An In-Silico Approach

Published on: June 23, 2026

Area of Science:

  • Computational chemistry
  • Drug discovery
  • Structural biology

Background:

  • Docking, virtual screening, and structure-based drug design are essential in modern drug discovery.
  • Handling flexible ligands is standard, but receptor flexibility presents a significant computational challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the state-of-the-art computational methods for addressing receptor flexibility in drug design.
  • To introduce a novel statistical computational approach for managing protein flexibility.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current computational techniques for receptor flexibility.
  • Presentation of a new statistical computational method.
  • Comparative analysis of different approaches.

Main Results:

  • Current docking methods struggle with receptor flexibility.
  • A novel statistical computational approach has been recently published.
  • Different methods show varying degrees of success in handling receptor flexibility.

Conclusions:

  • A combination of computational methods is most effective for managing receptor flexibility.
  • This integrated approach enhances the reliability of finding correct protein conformations for drug design.