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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism01:28

Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism

Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
Lipid Catabolism01:25

Lipid Catabolism

Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
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Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Overview
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
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Lipid Absorption01:24

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Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Quantification of Endothelial Fatty Acid Uptake using Fluorescent Fatty Acid Analogs
06:03

Quantification of Endothelial Fatty Acid Uptake using Fluorescent Fatty Acid Analogs

Published on: August 15, 2025

Cellular fatty acid uptake: a pathway under construction.

Xiong Su1, Nada A Abumrad

  • 1Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|February 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CD36 protein is crucial for cellular fatty acid uptake and metabolic regulation. Abnormal CD36 function and gene variants contribute to diabetes and metabolic syndrome, impacting fatty acid utilization.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Quantification of Endothelial Fatty Acid Uptake using Fluorescent Fatty Acid Analogs
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Published on: August 15, 2025

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Published on: February 9, 2018

Using Caco-2 Cells to Study Lipid Transport by the Intestine
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Published on: August 20, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Regulation
  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Membrane uptake of long-chain fatty acids (FAs) is a critical initial step in cellular FA utilization and a key regulatory point in metabolism.
  • The CD36 protein plays a significant role in facilitating FA uptake in vital tissues.
  • Dysfunctional FA utilization is linked to various metabolic disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of CD36 in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases in rodents and humans.
  • To discuss novel regulatory mechanisms of CD36-mediated FA uptake.
  • To highlight the implications of CD36 abnormalities in diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on CD36 function, regulation, and pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of studies involving rodents and human subjects.
  • Discussion of emerging concepts like membrane rafts, caveolae, CD36 recycling, and protein modifications.

Main Results:

  • CD36 is a major facilitator of FA uptake in key metabolic tissues.
  • Regulation of CD36 uptake involves membrane microdomains (rafts, caveolae), protein trafficking, and post-translational modifications.
  • Abnormal CD36 membrane levels and turnover are observed in diabetes, leading to impaired FA utilization.
  • CD36 gene variants are associated with increased susceptibility to metabolic syndrome and related diseases.

Conclusions:

  • CD36 is central to FA uptake and metabolic health.
  • Altered CD36 dynamics contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
  • Understanding CD36 regulation offers potential therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders.