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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Efficient Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized Benzenes in Water via Persulfate-promoted Benzannulation of α,β-Unsaturated Compounds and Alkynes
Published on: December 16, 2019
Nazarov-type reactions in water.
1Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, The HFRE Division, ERATO, JST, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Nazarov-type reactions were successfully performed in water, yielding unique products. A scandium-based catalyst exclusively produced water-trapping compounds, expanding organic synthesis in aqueous media.
Area of Science:
- Organic Chemistry
- Green Chemistry
- Catalysis
Background:
- Nazarov-type reactions are typically conducted in organic solvents.
- Water is an environmentally friendly solvent for chemical reactions.
- Developing aqueous organic reactions is crucial for sustainable chemistry.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the feasibility and outcomes of Nazarov-type reactions in water.
- To explore the influence of aqueous media on reaction pathways.
- To develop catalytic systems for efficient organic reactions in water.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Nazarov-type cyclization reactions.
- Employed water as the reaction solvent.
- Investigated the effect of a scandium-based, surfactant-type catalyst.
Main Results:
- Observed distinct reaction courses in water compared to organic solvents.
- Achieved exclusive formation of water-trapping products using the catalyst.
- Demonstrated the unprecedented nature of these aqueous Nazarov-type reactions.
Conclusions:
- Nazarov-type reactions can be effectively performed in water.
- Scandium-based catalysts promote exclusive water-trapping product formation in aqueous Nazarov reactions.
- This work offers a significant advancement in the field of organic reactions in water.
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