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Related Concept Videos

Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
The Mammary Glands01:12

The Mammary Glands

The female breast is a hemispheric projection of variable size positioned anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. A fascia layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue connects it to these muscles.
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...
Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

Tonsillitis II: Management

This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect
05:04

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect

Published on: September 22, 2023

[Mastitis in infancy].

Iu K Abaev

    Vestnik Khirurgii Imeni I. I. Grekova
    |February 27, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Pediatric mastitis incidence increased from 1986-2005, with fewer cases in newborns but more in adolescent girls. The study discusses potential reasons for these epidemiological shifts.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric infectious diseases
    • Neonatal and adolescent health

    Background:

    • Mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland, affects infants and children.
    • Understanding epidemiological trends is crucial for public health interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present comprehensive data on pediatric mastitis.
    • To analyze trends in mastitis incidence across different age groups in children.
    • To discuss potential etiological and epidemiological factors.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of epidemiological data on mastitis in children.
    • Comparative analysis of incidence rates between two distinct time periods (1970-1985 and 1986-2005).
    • Discussion of probable causes based on observed trends.

    Main Results:

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    Intraductal Injection of LPS as a Mouse Model of Mastitis: Signaling Visualized via an NF-κB Reporter Transgenic
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    Intraductal Injection of LPS as a Mouse Model of Mastitis: Signaling Visualized via an NF-κB Reporter Transgenic

    Published on: September 4, 2012

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

    A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect
    05:04

    A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect

    Published on: September 22, 2023

    Intraductal Injection of LPS as a Mouse Model of Mastitis: Signaling Visualized via an NF-κB Reporter Transgenic
    08:51

    Intraductal Injection of LPS as a Mouse Model of Mastitis: Signaling Visualized via an NF-κB Reporter Transgenic

    Published on: September 4, 2012

    • A higher frequency of mastitis in children was observed in the later period (1986-2005) compared to the earlier period (1970-1985).
    • A decrease in mastitis frequency was noted in newborn infants.
    • A significant increase in mastitis incidence was observed in adolescent girls.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric mastitis epidemiology has shifted, with a notable rise in adolescent girls.
    • Further research into the causes of these changing trends is warranted.
    • Public health strategies may need to adapt to address specific age-related risks.