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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Well-aligned Vertically Oriented ZnO Nanorod Arrays and their Application in Inverted Small Molecule Solar Cells

Well-aligned Vertically Oriented ZnO Nanorod Arrays and their Application in Inverted Small Molecule Solar Cells

Published on: April 25, 2018

Nanowire-based all-oxide solar cells.

Benjamin D Yuhas¹, Peidong Yang

¹Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|March 12, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed an all-oxide solar cell using zinc oxide nanowires and cuprous oxide nanoparticles. Adding an intermediate insulating layer significantly improved solar cell performance by increasing shunt resistance.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Renewable Energy
Nanotechnology

Background:

Developing efficient and cost-effective solar cells is crucial for renewable energy.
Oxide-based materials offer potential for low-cost, environmentally benign photovoltaic devices.
Nanowire architectures can enhance light absorption and charge transport in solar cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To fabricate and characterize an all-oxide solar cell using vertically oriented zinc oxide nanowires and cuprous oxide nanoparticles.
To investigate the effect of an intermediate oxide insulating layer on solar cell performance.
To understand the relationship between shunt resistance and photovoltaic performance in nanowire solar cells.

Main Methods:

Solution-based synthesis of n-type zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires and p-type cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles.
Fabrication of a solar cell device comprising ZnO nanowires surrounded by a Cu2O nanoparticle film.
Incorporation of an intermediate oxide insulating layer between the ZnO nanowires and Cu2O nanoparticles.
Performance characterization of the fabricated solar cells, including analysis of photovoltaic parameters.

Main Results:

Successful fabrication of an all-oxide solar cell utilizing ZnO nanowires and Cu2O nanoparticles.
Demonstrated enhancement in solar cell performance upon the addition of an intermediate oxide insulating layer.
Identified a significant dependence of shunt resistance on the overall photovoltaic performance.
The findings are applicable to other nanowire-based solar cell architectures.

Conclusions:

All-oxide solar cells based on ZnO nanowires and Cu2O nanoparticles are feasible.
An intermediate oxide insulating layer is critical for optimizing the performance of such solar cells.
Controlling shunt resistance is a key factor for improving photovoltaic efficiency in nanowire solar cells.