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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
Published on: October 12, 2017
Müllerian anomalies
Lesley L Breech1, Marc R Laufer
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, ML 4000, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. lesley.breech@cchmc.org
Abstract:
The development of the Müllerian system and the female reproductive tract is a complex process involving an integrated series of events with significant potential for abnormal development and anomalies. Structural anomalies of the female reproductive tract may be isolated or occur in association with other congenital anomalies, including renal or bladder anomalies and anorectal malformations. Although rare in occurrence, it is important to be familiar with these conditions for appropriate diagnosis, management, and possible referral. The diagnosis, management, and surgical treatments of female reproductive tract anomalies in girls and young women have advanced with improvements in diagnostic imaging techniques, surgical and nonsurgical techniques and innovative instrumentation and developments.
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